Aumentam exigências ambientais para pedreiras
Araújo, Cláudia
2001
Type
masterThesis
Creator
Identifier
202163113
Title
Avaliação do perigo de inundação na ribeira do Açafal
Contributor
Fernandez, Paulo Alexandre Justo
Frazão, Francisco de Noronha Galvão Franco
Frazão, Francisco de Noronha Galvão Franco
Subject
Altura de água
Escoamento permanente
Escoamento variável
Perigo de inundação
Velocidade de escoamento
Water height
Permanent flow
Variable flow
Flood hazard
Flow velocity
Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Agrárias
Escoamento permanente
Escoamento variável
Perigo de inundação
Velocidade de escoamento
Water height
Permanent flow
Variable flow
Flood hazard
Flow velocity
Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Agrárias
Date
2019-01-31T14:32:32Z
2019-01-31T14:32:32Z
2018
2019-01-31T14:32:32Z
2018
Description
O perigo pode ser entendido como a possibilidade de ocorrência de um fenómeno, numa determinada área e num determinado período de tempo.
A avaliação do perigo de inundação resulta da combinação das cartas de altura de água e de velocidade de escoamento. Esta cartografia permite a delimitação das zonas inundáveis e a sua determinação depende dos dados meteorológicos, topográficos e da ocupação do solo e
também da modelação hidrológica e hidráulica.
Os objetivos deste estudo são, elaborar cartografia de altura de água, velocidade de escoamento e de zonas inundáveis, criar e validar um modelo digital de superfície de escoamento, a fim de obter mapas de perigo de inundação para a área de estudo.
Utiliza-se o software HEC-RAS/HEC-GeoRAS, para simulação de inundação em regime de escoamento permanente e variável. Desenvolve-se uma metodologia SIG, adaptada aos dados hidrológicos e cartográficos disponíveis, para o cálculo de perigo de inundação.
Verificou-se que os SIG e as respetivas extensões e ferramentas são bastante úteis para o desenrolar do projeto, resolvendo de forma capaz a metodologia usada. Tem grande capacidade de gestão, manipulação, armazenamento, análise e representação espacial dos dados.
Com o auxílio da tecnologia de mapeamento aéreo com drones, conseguimos adquirir dados espaciais com elevada resolução, obtendo assim melhores resultados na modelação hidrológica.
A boa qualidade de dados geométricos, o registo de hidrométricas instaladas no terreno e a análise desenvolvida nos regimes de escoamento permanente e variável, demonstrou serem resultados muito importantes à validação do modelo hidráulico de inundação e ao estudo de mapas de perigo de inundação para diferentes cenários.
Danger can be understood as the possibility of the occurrence of a phenomenon, in a certain area and in a certain period of time. The assessment of the flood hazard results from the combination of water height and flow velocity charts. This cartography allows the delimitation of floodable areas and their determination depends on meteorological, topographic and land use data, as well as hydrological and hydraulic modeling. The purposes of this study are to elaborate cartography of water height, flow velocity and floodable areas, to create and validate a digital flow surface model in order to obtain flood hazard maps for the area in study. The HEC-RAS / HEC-GeoRAS software is used to simulate flooding in a permanent and variable flow regime. A GIS methodology, adapted to the available hydrological and cartographic data, is developed for the calculation of flood hazard. It was verified that the GIS and its extensions and tools are very useful for the development of the project, solving in an adequate way the methodology used. It has great capacity of management, manipulation, storage, analysis and spatial representation of the data. With the drone air mapping technology aid, we were able to acquire high resolution spatial data, letting us obtain better results in hydrological modeling. The good quality of geometric data, the record of hydrometrics installed in the field and the analysis developed in permanent and variable flow regime, have proved to be very important results for the validation of the hydraulic model of flood and the study of flood hazard maps for different scenarios.
Danger can be understood as the possibility of the occurrence of a phenomenon, in a certain area and in a certain period of time. The assessment of the flood hazard results from the combination of water height and flow velocity charts. This cartography allows the delimitation of floodable areas and their determination depends on meteorological, topographic and land use data, as well as hydrological and hydraulic modeling. The purposes of this study are to elaborate cartography of water height, flow velocity and floodable areas, to create and validate a digital flow surface model in order to obtain flood hazard maps for the area in study. The HEC-RAS / HEC-GeoRAS software is used to simulate flooding in a permanent and variable flow regime. A GIS methodology, adapted to the available hydrological and cartographic data, is developed for the calculation of flood hazard. It was verified that the GIS and its extensions and tools are very useful for the development of the project, solving in an adequate way the methodology used. It has great capacity of management, manipulation, storage, analysis and spatial representation of the data. With the drone air mapping technology aid, we were able to acquire high resolution spatial data, letting us obtain better results in hydrological modeling. The good quality of geometric data, the record of hydrometrics installed in the field and the analysis developed in permanent and variable flow regime, have proved to be very important results for the validation of the hydraulic model of flood and the study of flood hazard maps for different scenarios.
Access restrictions
openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Language
por
Comments