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A significant industrial development, associated with a demographic expansion, occurred during the last decades of the XX century, in Loures valley, a region located in the vicinities of Lisbon, the capital city of Portugal. This was accompanied with an important modification of land use and occupation patterns, mainly the decrease of the agricultural land. One of the main consequences was the deterioration of the groundwater chemistry observed in the shallow aquifer associated to Trancão river, a subsidiary of Tagus river. Factorial Correspondence Analysis has been used to build a water quality index, for evaluating the impact of the anthropogenic factors on groundwater of the shallow aquifer. By analysing the kriged maps of the values of the index, it was possible to identify the areas more sensitive to the anthropogenic impact.