A aprendizagem baseada em problemas
Almeida, Ana Cristina Ferreira de
2002
Type
article
Creator
Publisher
Identifier
DUARTE, A.C. ; CAVALEIRO, V.P. ; LEITE, A.P. (2012) - Erosão hídrica dos solos: fator de desertificação física e humana. Egitania Sciencia. ISSN 1646-8848. N.º 11. P. 6-29.
1646-8848
Title
Erosão hídrica dos solos: fator de desertificação física e humana
Soils water erosion : factor of physic and human desertification
Soils water erosion : factor of physic and human desertification
Subject
Erosão hídrica
Solo
Desertificação física
Desertificação humana
Clima mediterrânico
Irrigation
Water erosion
Soil
Physic desertification
Human desertification
Mediterranean climate
Solo
Desertificação física
Desertificação humana
Clima mediterrânico
Irrigation
Water erosion
Soil
Physic desertification
Human desertification
Mediterranean climate
Date
2013-06-20T16:52:11Z
2013-06-20T16:52:11Z
2012
2013-06-20T16:52:11Z
2012
Description
A erosão hídrica, com a consequente perda de solo, representa um custo
para a agricultura já que significa perda de terra produtiva, nutrientes e matéria
orgânica, bem como uma degradação ambiental dos recursos hídricos a jusante.
Este ciclo de insustentabilidade levará, a prazo, a uma desertificação física dos
lugares acompanhada de uma desertificação humana. É indispensável a
compreensão do processo, a forma de influência de cada um dos fatores de que
depende, para a adoção das medidas mais eficazes na sua prevenção. Este estudo
decorre numa pequena bacia hidrográfica (190 ha), localizada no concelho de
Idanha-a-Nova, onde foi instalado um dispositivo experimental adequado. A
aleatoriedade do clima mediterrânico pode determinar anos com volumes de
precipitação mais elevados a que correspondem maior número de eventos
erosivos, e anos mais secos com a ocorrência de menor número de eventos
erosivos, mas com potencial erosivo ampliado em alguns. Nesta análise de
resultados concluímos sobre o enorme efeito protetor da vegetação ao
compararmos a concentração de sedimentos no escoamento em dois eventos
erosivos, correspondentes a condições de revestimento da bacia bastante
diferentes. O escoamento superficial será mais ou menos potenciado, dependendo
como se manifestam outros fatores que influenciam o processo erosivo,
concretamente, a vegetação, o solo, a topografia do terreno, e as práticas culturais
dos agricultores.
Water erosion, with the consequent soil loss, represents a cost to agriculture as it means loss of productive land, nutrients and organic matter as well as environmental degradation of water resources downstream. This cycle of unsustainability will lead, to a physical desertification of places accompanied by a human desertification. It is essential to understanding the process, the influence of each factor that it depends, for the adoption of more effective actions for its prevention. This study takes place in a small watershed (190 ha), located in the Idanha-a-Nova county, where was installed a suitable experimental device. The randomness of the Mediterranean climate can determine years with higher volumes of precipitation that correspond to more erosive events, and driest years with the occurrence of fewer erosive events, but with expanded erosive potential in some of them. In this analysis we conclude about the strong protective effect of vegetation by comparing the sediment concentration in water in two erosion events, corresponding to quite different covering conditions in the basin. The runoff will be more or less powered, depending on how manifest other factors that influence the erosive process, namely, vegetation, soil, topography, and agricultural practices of farmers.
Water erosion, with the consequent soil loss, represents a cost to agriculture as it means loss of productive land, nutrients and organic matter as well as environmental degradation of water resources downstream. This cycle of unsustainability will lead, to a physical desertification of places accompanied by a human desertification. It is essential to understanding the process, the influence of each factor that it depends, for the adoption of more effective actions for its prevention. This study takes place in a small watershed (190 ha), located in the Idanha-a-Nova county, where was installed a suitable experimental device. The randomness of the Mediterranean climate can determine years with higher volumes of precipitation that correspond to more erosive events, and driest years with the occurrence of fewer erosive events, but with expanded erosive potential in some of them. In this analysis we conclude about the strong protective effect of vegetation by comparing the sediment concentration in water in two erosion events, corresponding to quite different covering conditions in the basin. The runoff will be more or less powered, depending on how manifest other factors that influence the erosive process, namely, vegetation, soil, topography, and agricultural practices of farmers.
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Language
por
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